John M. Kirkwood, MD

Education

AB; Oberlin College, 1969
MD; Yale University, 1973

 

Clinical Expertise

I am board-certified in internal medicine and medical oncology. I received my medical degree from Yale University School of Medicine, where I was also an intern and resident in internal medicine. My subspecialty is in medical oncology and did my fellowship in this field at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School. My early research in tumor immunology was done at Memorial Sloan Kettering and my postdoctoral fellowship work in tumor immunology at Harvard University.

I am a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, the American Society for Clinical Oncology, the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Medical Association, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, the National Cancer Foundation, the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, the Society for Melanoma Research, the Clinical Immunology Society, and the Society of Natural Immunity.

I have received international acclaim for leading a multicenter study developed on the basis of my pioneering work with biological treatments for melanoma that has provided the first adjuvant, or additional, therapy for treating patients with high-risk melanoma, a type likely to recur despite surgery.

 

Research Interest

My research has focused upon the analysis of the immunobiology and molecular features of melanoma progression, in studies of advanced disease and high-risk operable disease. Our development of new therapies including the first effective adjuvant therapy of melanoma has included the assessment of biomarkers that may refine application of these therapies. Our translational investigations of immunotherapies and molecularly targeted agents combined with one another have included phase I-II and III studies of cytokines, IFNs and antibodies alone and in conjunction with protein/peptide vaccines. In the adjuvant sphere we have turned to more rapidly informative neoadjuvant study designs, completing the first such evaluations of IFN alfa-2b, ipilimumab, and now are evaluating the combination of these agents. This model has illuminated the mechanisms of immunotherapy and allowed the assessment of antitumor immunity in serum and tumor tissue over time. These neoadjuvant trial designs have moved from phase I-II into phase III trials, with the national and international cooperative groups. My increasing focus upon Prevention, led to the formation of the Melanoma Prevention Working Group in ECOG-ACRIN, now involving interdisciplinary experts from all of the cooperative groups. Recent initiatives have focused upon earlier disease, including the precursor and risk marker lesion known as the atypical/dysplastic nevus, where we have initiated an education system wide internet education program for primary care physicians in 2014 at UPMC. This work has also recently included the development of an oral sulforaphane prevention trial (UPCI 10-114) to define PK/PD and signaling effects upon STAT3 in atypical nevi. Together with our melanoma detection project in the UPMC Physician Services Division these efforts aim ultimately for intergroup initiatives across the Melanoma Prevention Working Group. We have an active training program for postdoctoral fellows, residents, and medical students and have submitted a T32 application that will enlarge upon these activities.

 

Selected Publications

View Dr. Kirkwood's publications on PubMed

 

  1. Gorantla VC, Kirkwood JM. State of Melanoma: An Historic Overview of a Field in Transition. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2014 Jun;28(3):415-435. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.02.010. Review. PubMed PMID: 24880939; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4040458.
  2. Lowe DB, Bose A, Taylor JL, Tawbi H, Lin Y, Kirkwood JM, Storkus WJ. Dasatinib promotes the expansion of a therapeutically superior T-cell repertoire in response to dendritic cell vaccination against melanoma. Oncoimmunology. 2014 Jan 1;3(1):e27589. Epub 2014 Feb 27. PubMed PMID: 24734217; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3984268.
  3. Sabbatino F, Wang Y, Wang X, Flaherty KT, Yu L, Pepin D, Scognamiglio G, Pepe S, Kirkwood JM, Cooper ZA, Frederick DT, Wargo JA, Ferrone S, Ferrone CR. PDGFR? up-regulation mediated by sonic hedgehog pathway activation leads to BRAF inhibitor resistance in melanoma cells with BRAF mutation. Oncotarget. 2014 Apr 15;5(7):1926-41. PubMed PMID: 24732172; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4039118.
  4. Wilson MA, Zhao F, Letrero R, D'Andrea K, Rimm DL, Kirkwood JM, Kluger HM, Lee SJ, Schuchter LM, Flaherty KT, Nathanson KL. Correlation of somatic mutations and clinical outcome in melanoma patients treated with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and sorafenib. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Jun 15;20(12):3328-37. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-0093. Epub 2014 Apr 8. PubMed PMID: 24714776; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4058354.
  5. Ng YK, Lee JY, Supko KM, Khan A, Torres SM, Berwick M, Ho J, Kirkwood JM, Siegfried JM, Stabile LP. Pan-erbB inhibition potentiates BRAF inhibitors for melanoma treatment. Melanoma Res. 2014 Jun;24(3):207-18. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000060. PubMed PMID: 24709886.
  6. Balch CM, Thompson JF, Gershenwald JE, Soong SJ, Ding S, McMasters KM, Coit DG, Eggermont AM, Gimotty PA, Johnson TM, Kirkwood JM, Leong SP, Ross MI, Byrd DR, Cochran AJ, Mihm MC Jr, Morton DL, Atkins MB, Flaherty KT, Sondak VK. Age as a predictor of sentinel node metastasis among patients with localized melanoma: an inverse correlation of melanoma mortality and incidence of sentinel node metastasis among young and old patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Apr;21(4):1075-81. doi: 10.1245/s10434-013-3464-x. Epub 2014 Feb 15. PubMed PMID: 24531700.
  7. Tarhini AA, Shin D, Lee SJ, Stuckert J, Sander CA, Kirkwood JM. Serologic evidence of autoimmunity in E2696 and E1694 patients with high-risk melanoma treated with adjuvant interferon alfa. Melanoma Res. 2014 Apr;24(2):150-7. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000050. PubMed PMID: 24509407.
  8. McArthur GA, Chapman PB, Robert C, Larkin J, Haanen JB, Dummer R, Ribas A, Hogg D, Hamid O, Ascierto PA, Garbe C, Testori A, Maio M, Lorigan P, Lebbé C, Jouary T, Schadendorf D, O'Day SJ, Kirkwood JM, Eggermont AM, Dréno B, Sosman JA, Flaherty KT, Yin M, Caro I, Cheng S, Trunzer K, Hauschild A. Safety and efficacy of vemurafenib in BRAF(V600E) and BRAF(V600K) mutation-positive melanoma (BRIM-3): extended follow-up of a phase 3, randomised, open-label study. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Mar;15(3):323-32. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70012-9. Epub 2014 Feb 7. PubMed PMID: 24508103.
  9. Tarhini AA, Edington H, Butterfield LH, Lin Y, Shuai Y, Tawbi H, Sander C, Yin Y, Holtzman M, Johnson J, Rao UN, Kirkwood JM. Immune monitoring of the circulation and the tumor microenvironment in patients with regionally advanced melanoma receiving neoadjuvant ipilimumab. PLoS One. 2014 Feb 3;9(2):e87705. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087705. eCollection 2014. PubMed PMID: 24498358; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3912016.
  10. Flaherty KT, Hennig M, Lee SJ, Ascierto PA, Dummer R, Eggermont AM, Hauschild A, Kefford R, Kirkwood JM, Long GV, Lorigan P, Mackensen A, McArthur G, O'Day S, Patel PM, Robert C, Schadendorf D. Surrogate endpoints for overall survival in metastatic melanoma: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Mar;15(3):297-304. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70007-5. Epub 2014 Jan 31. PubMed PMID: 24485879.
  11. Pancoska P, Kirkwood JM, Bouros S, Spyropoulou-Vlachou M, Pectasides E, Tsoutsos D, Polyzos A, Markopoulos C, Panagiotou P, Castana O, Bafaloukos D, Fountzilas G, Gogas H. A new mathematical model for the interpretation of translational research evaluating six CTLA-4 polymorphisms in high-risk melanoma patients receiving adjuvant interferon. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 27;9(1):e86375. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086375. eCollection 2014. PubMed PMID: 24475110; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3903519.
  12. Tarhini AA, Lin Y, Yeku O, LaFramboise WA, Ashraf M, Sander C, Lee S, Kirkwood JM. A four-marker signature of TNF-RII, TGF-?, TIMP-1 and CRP is prognostic of worse survival in high-risk surgically resected melanoma. J Transl Med. 2014 Jan 23;12:19. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-19. PubMed PMID: 24457057; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3909384.
  13. Fourcade J, Sun Z, Pagliano O, Chauvin JM, Sander C, Janjic B, Tarhini AA, Tawbi HA, Kirkwood JM, Moschos S, Wang H, Guillaume P, Luescher IF, Krieg A, Anderson AC, Kuchroo VK, Zarour HM. PD-1 and Tim-3 regulate the expansion of tumor antigen-specific CD8? T cells induced by melanoma vaccines. Cancer Res. 2014 Feb 15;74(4):1045-55. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-2908. Epub 2013 Dec 16. PubMed PMID: 24343228; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3952491.
  14. Davar D, Tarhini AA, Gogas H, Kirkwood JM. Advances in adjuvant therapy: potential for prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1102:45-69. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-727-3_4. Review. PubMed PMID: 24258973.
  15. Kaufman HL, Kirkwood JM, Hodi FS, Agarwala S, Amatruda T, Bines SD, Clark JI, Curti B, Ernstoff MS, Gajewski T, Gonzalez R, Hyde LJ, Lawson D, Lotze M, Lutzky J, Margolin K, McDermott DF, Morton D, Pavlick A, Richards JM, Sharfman W, Sondak VK, Sosman J, Steel S, Tarhini A, Thompson JA, Titze J, Urba W, White R, Atkins MB. The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer consensus statement on tumour immunotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2013 Oct;10(10):588-98. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.153. Epub 2013 Aug 27. PubMed PMID: 23982524.
  16. Gorantla V, Kirkwood JM, Tawbi HA. Melanoma brain metastases: an unmet challenge in the era of active therapy. Curr Oncol Rep. 2013 Oct;15(5):483-91. doi: 10.1007/s11912-013-0335-3. Review. PubMed PMID: 23954973; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3801214.
  17. Averbook BJ, Lee SJ, Delman KA, Gow KW, Zager JS, Sondak VK, Messina JL, Sabel MS, Pittelkow MR, Ecker PM, Markovic SN, Swetter SM, Leachman SA, Testori A, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Go RS, Jukic DM, Kirkwood JM. Pediatric melanoma: analysis of an international registry. Cancer. 2013 Nov 15;119(22):4012-9. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28289. Epub 2013 Sep 10. PubMed PMID: 24022819.
  18. Go RS, Lee SJ, Shin D, Callister SM, Jobe DA, Conry RM, Tarhini AA, Kirkwood JM. ECOG phase II trial of graded-dose peginterferon ?-2b in patients with metastatic melanoma overexpressing basic fibroblast growth factor (E2602). Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Dec 1;19(23):6597-604. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-1414. Epub 2013 Oct 11. PubMed PMID: 24122792; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3859372.
  19. Jilaveanu LB, Zhao F, Zito CR, Kirkwood JM, Nathanson KL, D'Andrea K, Wilson M, Rimm DL, Flaherty KT, Lee SJ, Kluger HM. Expression of drug targets in patients treated with sorafenib, carboplatin and paclitaxel. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 6;8(8):e69748. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069748. Print 2013. PubMed PMID: 23936348; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3735539.
  20. Balch CM, Soong SJ, Gershenwald JE, Thompson JF, Coit DG, Atkins MB, Ding S, Cochran AJ, Eggermont AM, Flaherty KT, Gimotty PA, Johnson TM, Kirkwood JM, Leong SP, McMasters KM, Mihm MC Jr, Morton DL, Ross MI, Sondak VK. Age as a prognostic factor in patients with localized melanoma and regional metastases. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013 Nov;20(12):3961-8. doi: 10.1245/s10434-013-3100-9. Epub 2013 Jul 10. PubMed PMID: 23838920.
  21. Slingluff CL Jr, Lee S, Zhao F, Chianese-Bullock KA, Olson WC, Butterfield LH, Whiteside TL, Leming PD, Kirkwood JM. A randomized phase II trial of multiepitope vaccination with melanoma peptides for cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells for patients with metastatic melanoma (E1602). Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Aug 1;19(15):4228-38. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-0002. Epub 2013 May 7. PubMed PMID: 23653149; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3813832.
  22. Davar D, Tarhini AA, Kirkwood JM. Adjuvant immunotherapy of melanoma and development of new approaches using the neoadjuvant approach. Clin Dermatol. 2013 May-Jun;31(3):237-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.08.012. Review. Erratum in: Clin Dermatol. 2013 Jul-Aug;31(4):501. PubMed PMID: 23608443; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3654101.
  23. Ribas A, Kefford R, Marshall MA, Punt CJ, Haanen JB, Marmol M, Garbe C, Gogas H, Schachter J, Linette G, Lorigan P, Kendra KL, Maio M, Trefzer U, Smylie M, McArthur GA, Dreno B, Nathan PD, Mackiewicz J, Kirkwood JM, Gomez-Navarro J, Huang B, Pavlov D, Hauschild A. Phase III randomized clinical trial comparing tremelimumab with standard-of-care chemotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Feb 10;31(5):616-22. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.44.6112. Epub 2013 Jan 7. PubMed PMID: 23295794.
  24. Flaherty KT, Lee SJ, Zhao F, Schuchter LM, Flaherty L, Kefford R, Atkins MB, Leming P, Kirkwood JM. Phase III trial of carboplatin and paclitaxel with or without sorafenib in metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Jan 20;31(3):373-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.42.1529. Epub 2012 Dec 17. PubMed PMID: 23248256.
  25. Tawbi HA, Beumer JH, Tarhini AA, Moschos S, Buch SC, Egorin MJ, Lin Y, Christner S, Kirkwood JM. Safety and efficacy of decitabine in combination with temozolomide in metastatic melanoma: a phase I/II study and pharmacokinetic analysis. Ann Oncol. 2013 Apr;24(4):1112-9. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds591. Epub 2012 Nov 21. PubMed PMID: 23172636; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3603441.
  26. Tarhini AA, Butterfield LH, Shuai Y, Gooding WE, Kalinski P, Kirkwood JM. Differing patterns of circulating regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in metastatic melanoma patients receiving anti-CTLA4 antibody and interferon-? or TLR-9 agonist and GM-CSF with peptide vaccination. J Immunother. 2012 Nov-Dec;35(9):702-10. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e318272569b. PubMed PMID: 23090079; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3513773.
  27. Guastafierro A, Feng H, Thant M, Kirkwood JM, Chang Y, Moore PS, Shuda M. Characterization of an early passage Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive Merkel cell carcinoma cell line, MS-1, and its growth in NOD scid gamma mice. J Virol Methods. 2013 Jan;187(1):6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.10.001. Epub 2012 Oct 18. PubMed PMID: 23085629; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3606892.
  28. Long GV, Trefzer U, Davies MA, Kefford RF, Ascierto PA, Chapman PB, Puzanov I, Hauschild A, Robert C, Algazi A, Mortier L, Tawbi H, Wilhelm T, Zimmer L, Switzky J, Swann S, Martin AM, Guckert M, Goodman V, Streit M, Kirkwood JM, Schadendorf D. Dabrafenib in patients with Val600Glu or Val600Lys BRAF-mutant melanoma metastatic to the brain (BREAK-MB): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Nov;13(11):1087-95. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70431-X. Epub 2012 Oct 8. PubMed PMID: 23051966.
  29. Ho J, de Moura MB, Lin Y, Vincent G, Thorne S, Duncan LM, Hui-Min L, Kirkwood JM, Becker D, Van Houten B, Moschos SJ. Importance of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in advanced melanoma. Mol Cancer. 2012 Oct 9;11:76. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-11-76. PubMed PMID: 23043612; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3537610.
  30. Tarhini AA, Gogas H, Kirkwood JM. IFN-? in the treatment of melanoma. J Immunol. 2012 Oct 15;189(8):3789-93. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1290060. Review. PubMed PMID: 23042723.
  31. Tarhini AA, Kirkwood JM. How much of a good thing? What duration for interferon alfa-2b adjuvant therapy? J Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov 1;30(31):3773-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.44.9975. Epub 2012 Sep 24. PubMed PMID: 23008298.
  32. Sigalotti L, Covre A, Fratta E, Parisi G, Sonego P, Colizzi F, Coral S, Massarut S, Kirkwood JM, Maio M. Whole genome methylation profiles as independent markers of survival in stage IIIC melanoma patients. J Transl Med. 2012 Sep 5;10:185. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-185. PubMed PMID: 22950745; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3539917.
  33. Barbi de Moura M, Vincent G, Fayewicz SL, Bateman NW, Hood BL, Sun M, Suhan J, Duensing S, Yin Y, Sander C, Kirkwood JM, Becker D, Conrads TP, Van Houten B, Moschos SJ. Mitochondrial respiration--an important therapeutic target in melanoma. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e40690. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040690. Epub 2012 Aug 17. PubMed PMID: 22912665; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3422349.
  34. Wang E, Zhao Y, Monaco A, Uccellini L, Kirkwood JM, Spyropoulou-Vlachou M, Panelli MC, Marincola FM, Gogas H. A multi-factorial genetic model for prognostic assessment of high risk melanoma patients receiving adjuvant interferon. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40805. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040805. Epub 2012 Jul 24. PubMed PMID: 22911710; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3404079.
  35. Leong SP, Mihm MC Jr, Murphy GF, Hoon DS, Kashani-Sabet M, Agarwala SS, Zager JS, Hauschild A, Sondak VK, Guild V, Kirkwood JM. Progression of cutaneous melanoma: implications for treatment. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2012 Oct;29(7):775-96. doi: 10.1007/s10585-012-9521-1. Epub 2012 Aug 15. Review. Erratum in: Clin Exp Metastasis. 2012 Oct;29(7):797-9. PubMed PMID: 22892755.
  36. Tawbi HA, Kirkwood JM. Targeted therapies: BREAKing a path for progress--dabrafenib confirms class effect. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2012 Sep;9(9):496-7. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2012.138. Epub 2012 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 22889973.
  37. Davar D, Kirkwood JM. New therapies in the treatment of melanoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2012 Nov;21(11):1643-59. doi: 10.1517/13543784.2012.713938. Epub 2012 Aug 9. Review. PubMed PMID: 22876817.
  38. Blalock LT, Landsberg J, Messmer M, Shi J, Pardee AD, Haskell R, Vujanovic L, Kirkwood JM, Butterfield LH. Human dendritic cells adenovirally-engineered to express three defined tumor antigens promote broad adaptive and innate immunity. Oncoimmunology. 2012 May 1;1(3):287-357. PubMed PMID: 22737604; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3382861.
  39. Kirkwood JM, Butterfield LH, Tarhini AA, Zarour H, Kalinski P, Ferrone S. Immunotherapy of cancer in 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2012 Sep-Oct;62(5):309-35. doi: 10.3322/caac.20132. Epub 2012 May 10. Review. PubMed PMID: 22576456; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3445708.
  40. Ascierto PA, Kirkwood JM, Grob JJ, Simeone E, Grimaldi AM, Maio M, Palmieri G, Testori A, Marincola FM, Mozzillo N. The role of BRAF V600 mutation in melanoma. J Transl Med. 2012 Jul 9;10:85. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-85. PubMed PMID: 22554099; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3391993.
  41. Ascierto PA, Grimaldi AM, Curti B, Faries MB, Ferrone S, Flaherty K, Fox BA, Gajewski TF, Gershenwald JE, Gogas H, Grossmann K, Hauschild A, Hodi FS, Kefford R, Kirkwood JM, Leachmann S, Maio M, Marais R, Palmieri G, Morton DL, Ribas A, Stroncek DF, Stewart R, Wang E, Mozzillo N, Marincola FM. Future perspectives in melanoma research. Meeting report from the "Melanoma research: a bridge from Naples to the World. Napoli, December 5th-6th 2011". J Transl Med. 2012 Jul 4;10:83. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-83. PubMed PMID: 22551296; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3390271.
  42. Kirkwood JM, Tarhini A, Sparano JA, Patel P, Schiller JH, Vergo MT, Benson Iii AB, Tawbi H. Comparative clinical benefits of systemic adjuvant therapy for paradigm solid tumors. Cancer Treat Rev. 2013 Feb;39(1):27-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.03.007. Epub 2012 Apr 19. Review. PubMed PMID: 22520262.
  43. Tarhini AA, Leng S, Moschos SJ, Yin Y, Sander C, Lin Y, Gooding WE, Kirkwood JM. Safety and immunogenicity of vaccination with MART-1 (26-35, 27L), gp100 (209-217, 210M), and tyrosinase (368-376, 370D) in adjuvant with PF-3512676 and GM-CSF in metastatic melanoma. J Immunother. 2012 May;35(4):359-66. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31825481fe. Erratum in: J Immunother. 2012 Oct;35(8):650. PubMed PMID: 22495394; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3483091.
  44. Davar D, Tarhini AA, Kirkwood JM. Adjuvant therapy for melanoma. Cancer J. 2012 Mar-Apr;18(2):192-202. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0b013e31824f118b. Review. PubMed PMID: 22453021; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3478763.
  45. Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Kim CC, Swetter SM, Chen SC, Halpern AC, Kirkwood JM, Leachman SA, Marghoob AA, Ming ME, Grichnik JM; Melanoma Prevention Working Group-Pigmented Skin Lesion Sub-Committee. Survival is not the only valuable end point in melanoma screening. J Invest Dermatol. 2012 May;132(5):1332-7. doi: 10.1038/jid.2012.3. Epub 2012 Feb 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 22336950.
  46. Margolin KA, Moon J, Flaherty LE, Lao CD, Akerley WL 3rd, Othus M, Sosman JA, Kirkwood JM, Sondak VK. Randomized phase II trial of sorafenib with temsirolimus or tipifarnib in untreated metastatic melanoma (S0438). Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Feb 15;18(4):1129-37. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-2488. Epub 2012 Jan 6. PubMed PMID: 22228638; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3481165.
  47. Davar D, Tarhini A, Kirkwood JM. Adjuvant therapy: melanoma. J Skin Cancer. 2011;2011:274382. doi: 10.1155/2011/274382. Epub 2011 Dec 19. PubMed PMID: 22220281; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3246753.
  48. Potter DM, Butterfield LH, Divito SJ, Sander CA, Kirkwood JM. Pitfalls in retrospective analyses of biomarkers: a case study with metastatic melanoma patients. J Immunol Methods. 2012 Feb 28;376(1-2):108-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.12.003. Epub 2011 Dec 21. PubMed PMID: 22210094; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3472364.
  49. Fourcade J, Sun Z, Pagliano O, Guillaume P, Luescher IF, Sander C, Kirkwood JM, Olive D, Kuchroo V, Zarour HM. CD8(+) T cells specific for tumor antigens can be rendered dysfunctional by the tumor microenvironment through upregulation of the inhibitory receptors BTLA and PD-1. Cancer Res. 2012 Feb 15;72(4):887-96. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-2637. Epub 2011 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 22205715; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3288235.
  50. Tarhini AA, Cherian J, Moschos SJ, Tawbi HA, Shuai Y, Gooding WE, Sander C, Kirkwood JM. Safety and efficacy of combination immunotherapy with interferon alfa-2b and tremelimumab in patients with stage IV melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jan 20;30(3):322-8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.37.5394. Epub 2011 Dec 19. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov 1;30(31):3903. PubMed PMID: 22184371; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3422533.
  51. Ribas A, Hersey P, Middleton MR, Gogas H, Flaherty KT, Sondak VK, Kirkwood JM. New challenges in endpoints for drug development in advanced melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Jan 15;18(2):336-41. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-2323. Epub 2011 Dec 5. PubMed PMID: 22142824; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3422891.
  52. Kirkwood JM, Bastholt L, Robert C, Sosman J, Larkin J, Hersey P, Middleton M, Cantarini M, Zazulina V, Kemsley K, Dummer R. Phase II, open-label, randomized trial of the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib as monotherapy versus temozolomide in patients with advanced melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Jan 15;18(2):555-67. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-1491. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PubMed PMID: 22048237; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3549298.
  53. Schaefer C, Butterfield LH, Lee S, Kim GG, Visus C, Albers A, Kirkwood JM, Whiteside TL. Function but not phenotype of melanoma peptide-specific CD8(+) T cells correlate with survival in a multiepitope peptide vaccine trial (ECOG 1696). Int J Cancer. 2012 Aug 15;131(4):874-84. doi: 10.1002/ijc.26481. Epub 2012 Jan 11. PubMed PMID: 22021080; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3658448.
  54. Butterfield LH, Potter DM, Kirkwood JM. Multiplex serum biomarker assessments: technical and biostatistical issues. J Transl Med. 2011 Oct 11;9:173. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-173. PubMed PMID: 21989127; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3200183.
  55. Kim KB, Chesney J, Robinson D, Gardner H, Shi MM, Kirkwood JM. Phase I/II and pharmacodynamic study of dovitinib (TKI258), an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptors and VEGF receptors, in patients with advanced melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Dec 1;17(23):7451-61. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-1747. Epub 2011 Oct 5. PubMed PMID: 21976540.
  56. Tarhini AA, Frankel P, Margolin KA, Christensen S, Ruel C, Shipe-Spotloe J, Gandara DR, Chen A, Kirkwood JM. Aflibercept (VEGF Trap) in inoperable stage III or stage iv melanoma of cutaneous or uveal origin. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Oct 15;17(20):6574-81. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-1463. Epub 2011 Aug 31. PubMed PMID: 21880788; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3196047.
  57. Tarhini AA, Pahuja S, Kirkwood JM. Neoadjuvant therapy for high-risk bulky regional melanoma. J Surg Oncol. 2011 Sep;104(4):386-90. doi: 10.1002/jso.21882. Review. PubMed PMID: 21858833.
  58. Tawbi HA, Villaruz L, Tarhini A, Moschos S, Sulecki M, Viverette F, Shipe-Spotloe J, Radkowski R, Kirkwood JM. Inhibition of DNA repair with MGMT pseudosubstrates: phase I study of lomeguatrib in combination with dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma and other solid tumours. Br J Cancer. 2011 Sep 6;105(6):773-7. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.285. Epub 2011 Aug 2. PubMed PMID: 21811257; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3171007.
  59. Kirkwood JM. Melanoma response and resistance - taking it to the tumor bank. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2011 Oct;24(5):978-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2011.00890.x. PubMed PMID: 21781286.
  60. Kalinski P, Edington H, Zeh HJ, Okada H, Butterfield LH, Kirkwood JM, Bartlett DL. Dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy: vaccines or autologous transplants? Immunol Res. 2011 Aug;50(2-3):235-47. doi: 10.1007/s12026-011-8224-z. PubMed PMID: 21717071; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3695396.
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  62. Sigalotti L, Fratta E, Bidoli E, Covre A, Parisi G, Colizzi F, Coral S, Massarut S, Kirkwood JM, Maio M. Methylation levels of the "long interspersed nucleotide element-1" repetitive sequences predict survival of melanoma patients. J Transl Med. 2011 May 26;9:78. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-78. PubMed PMID: 21615918; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3123580.
  63. Simons DL, Lee G, Kirkwood JM, Lee PP. Interferon signaling patterns in peripheral blood lymphocytes may predict clinical outcome after high-dose interferon therapy in melanoma patients. J Transl Med. 2011 May 5;9:52. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-52. PubMed PMID: 21545749; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3114759.
  64. Kirkwood JM, Gonzalez R, Reintgen D, Clingan PR, McWilliams RR, de Alwis DP, Zimmermann A, Brown MP, Ilaria RL Jr, Millward MJ. A phase 2 study of tasisulam sodium (LY573636 sodium) as second-line treatment for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Cancer. 2011 Oct 15;117(20):4732-9. doi: 10.1002/cncr.26068. Epub 2011 Mar 31. PubMed PMID: 21456002.
  65. Ascierto PA, De Maio E, Bertuzzi S, Palmieri G, Halaban R, Hendrix M, Kashani-sabet M, Ferrone S, Wang E, Cochran A, Rivoltini L, Lee PP, Fox BA, Kirkwood JM, Ullmann CD, Lehmann FF, Sznol M, Schwartzentruber DJ, Maio M, Flaherty K, Galon J, Ribas A, Yang J, Stroncek DF, Mozzillo N, Marincola FM. Future perspectives in melanoma research. Meeting report from the "Melanoma Research: a bridge Naples-USA. Naples, December 6th-7th 2010". J Transl Med. 2011 Mar 26;9:32. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-32. PubMed PMID: 21439082; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3078100.
  66. Wong JL, Mailliard RB, Moschos SJ, Edington H, Lotze MT, Kirkwood JM, Kalinski P. Helper activity of natural killer cells during the dendritic cell-mediated induction of melanoma-specific cytotoxic T cells. J Immunother. 2011 Apr;34(3):270-8. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31820b370b. PubMed PMID: 21389871; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3057371.
  67. Krauze MT, Tarhini A, Gogas H, Kirkwood JM. Prognostic significance of autoimmunity during treatment of melanoma with interferon. Semin Immunopathol. 2011 Jul;33(4):385-91. doi: 10.1007/s00281-011-0247-y. Epub 2011 Jan 31. Review. PubMed PMID: 21279809.
  68. Garbe C, Eigentler TK, Keilholz U, Hauschild A, Kirkwood JM. Systematic review of medical treatment in melanoma: current status and future prospects. Oncologist. 2011;16(1):5-24. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2010-0190. Epub 2011 Jan 6. Review. PubMed PMID: 21212434; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3228046.
  69. Ascierto PA, Kirkwood JM, Marincola FM, Palmieri G. Melanoma: from research to treatment. J Skin Cancer. 2011;2011:710697. doi: 10.1155/2011/710697. Epub 2012 Apr 10. PubMed PMID: 22570789; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3337615.
  70. Zhao X, Bose A, Komita H, Taylor JL, Kawabe M, Chi N, Spokas L, Lowe DB, Goldbach C, Alber S, Watkins SC, Butterfield LH, Kalinski P, Kirkwood JM, Storkus WJ. Intratumoral IL-12 gene therapy results in the crosspriming of Tc1 cells reactive against tumor-associated stromal antigens. Mol Ther. 2011 Apr;19(4):805-14. doi: 10.1038/mt.2010.295. Epub 2010 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 21189473; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3070096.
  71. Kudela P, Sun Z, Fourcade J, Janjic B, Kirkwood JM, Maillere B, Zarour HM. Epitope hierarchy of spontaneous CD4+ T cell responses to LAGE-1. J Immunol. 2011 Jan 1;186(1):312-22. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001989. Epub 2010 Dec 3. PubMed PMID: 21131422; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3901358.